Memorizing Past and Past Participle form of irregular verbs (Groups 1 to 4)

Category 1: irregular ending with no vowel change,           Past and Past Participle forms are the same

group 1: d ending changes to t, ent changes to end 

bend     bent     bent
build     built     built
lend      lent     lent
send     sent     sent
spend   spent     spent

group 2: the verbs have and make 

have\has    had       had
make         made     made

group 3: regular (V2, V3) in US English, irregular in UK English 

learn    learned \ learnt     learned \ learnt
burn     burned \ burnt      burned \ burnt
dwell    dwelled \ dwelt     dwelled \ dwelt
smell    smelled \ smelt     smelled \ smelt
spell     spelled \ spelt       spelled \ spelt
spill      spilled \ spilt         spilled \ spilt
spoil     spoiled \ spoilt      spoiled \ spoilt

group 4: ay ending changes to aid

lay     laid      laid (the table, clothes, eggs)

pay    paid     paid 

say    said     said (*said is pronounced /sed/)